Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Borromeo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Carlos Borromeo sinh ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1538 t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Arona, b\u00ean h\u1ed3 Maggiore (\u00dd). Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng, nh\u00e0 Borromeo, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gia t\u1ed9c qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Lombardia. Cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Gilberto II Borromeo v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Margarita de Medici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng b\u00ean m\u1eb9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fa ru\u1ed9t b\u00ean m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Giovanni Angelo Medici, sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pi\u00f4 IV. Ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, Carlos \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi m\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai tu\u1ed5i, gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho c\u1eadu theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu h\u00e0nh, c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u1ec5 c\u1eaft t\u00f3c tu s\u0129 v\u00e0 danh hi\u1ec7u tu vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng danh ngh\u0129a. C\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 theo h\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/a> v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Pavia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1559. Sau khi Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 IV qua \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00fa ru\u1ed9t b\u00ean m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Pi\u00f4 IV. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn Roma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u0103m 1560, khi m\u1edbi 22 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 phong linh m\u1ee5c<\/strong> Tuy nhi\u00ean, Carlos v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0m h\u1ed3ng y ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pi\u00f4 IV c\u0169ng b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Th\u01b0 k\u00fd Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/em>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Roma<\/a> sau \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. \u00d4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a Vatican v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 xa hoa, d\u00f9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> T\u1ea1i Rome, d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 bi th\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 lay \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m \u00f4ng: c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh trai c\u1ea3, Federico, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1562.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn anh suy ng\u1eabm s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian<\/a> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i v\u0129nh c\u1eedu. Federico l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean vai Carlos \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Carlos \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i t\u00e2m linh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c mang t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u h\u1ed3ng y n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa<\/a>. N\u0103m 1563, \u00f4ng xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 phong linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong t\u01b0\u1edbc linh m\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/a>, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5n phong l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n: \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0103n chay v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Pi\u00f4 IV l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent<\/a> (1545\u20131563), v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb phong t\u1ecfa trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong>, t\u1eeb c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb t\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p), c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c. S\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t gi\u00fap C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1o l\u00fd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Tin l\u00e0nh v\u00e0, quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau khi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac, Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u1ee7y ban so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd R\u00f4ma (hay S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Tr\u00eant\u00f4), m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u00e1o l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong th\u1eddi gian \u1edf Rome, Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Milan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1560. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \"t\u1eeb xa\" th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"m\u1ee5c t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0n chi\u00ean\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00ednh C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent \u2013 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Carlos \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u00e0i r\u1eddi b\u1ecf vinh quang c\u1ee7a Roma \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Milan \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1eed th\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u0103m 1565, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pi\u00f4 IV \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Milan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau g\u1ea7n 80 n\u0103m, Milan c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Milan: m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn \u0111ang trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hoang t\u00e0n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Milan, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n th\u00ec \u0111ang r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u00e1o s\u0129 r\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c<\/a> H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e2n, s\u1ed1ng xa hoa ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3 nam l\u1eabn n\u1eef, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlo Borromeo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh dinh th\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng b\u00e1n \u0111i nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t sang tr\u1ecdng, c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tu vi\u1ec7n. G\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 linh m\u1ee5c<\/strong> kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5<\/a> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u0111i kh\u1eafp t\u1eebng gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 trong s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 800 gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00fai h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh, kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ea1i d\u00e3y Alps. Ng\u00e0i th\u1ecb s\u00e1t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ec9nh, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Ban Nha, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o<\/a> v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Carlos l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n Milan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1564, bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc<\/a> (nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Calvin).<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/strong>. T\u00f4i mong mu\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai linh m\u1ee5c<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng t\u00ec v\u1ebft. B\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/strong> hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/a>, n\u01a1i d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c em \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5, l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong>. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c d\u00e0nh cho d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tinh th\u1ea7n anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn d\u1ecbch kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Milan trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1576 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1577, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cD\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1nh Carlo\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u m\u00ecnh. Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111ang b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh bao v\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n d\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn (tr\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch ly), t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c con ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t, ban Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 B\u00ed t\u00edch X\u1ee9c D\u1ea7u Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m treo t\u01b0\u1eddng trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 mua th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c men cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00f4ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c r\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n tr\u1ea7n kh\u1eafp th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a hy v\u1ecdng<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n. S\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf. \u00d4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha t\u1ea1i Milan, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1eef d\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh b\u00ean trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c<\/em>, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng tu \u0111\u00e3 sa s\u00fat v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. N\u0103m 1569, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng tu n\u00e0y, tu s\u0129 Girolamo Donato Farina, \u0111\u00e3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u00e1m s\u00e1t \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> Khi \u00f4ng \u0111ang qu\u1ef3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1ecb tu s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda sau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang h\u1ecfa mai \u1edf c\u1ef1 ly g\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 x\u00e9 r\u00e1ch \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft b\u1ea7m nh\u1eb9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1m b\u00e1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang, v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pi\u00f4 V \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c <\/em>m\u1ed9t l\u00fac sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Di s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c phong th\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m suy ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong>. N\u0103m 1584, trong khi \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a tu t\u00e2m linh<\/a> T\u1ea1i n\u00fai Varallo, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Milan trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1584, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 46. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Ecce venio<\/em> (T\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Danh ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i lan truy\u1ec1n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Milan t\u00f4n k\u00ednh ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c<\/a><\/strong> v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00ec l\u00f2ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phong th\u00e1nh di\u1ec5n ra c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1602 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 V phong th\u00e1nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1610.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo<\/strong> Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh b\u1ed5n m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd vi\u00ean v\u00e0, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/a><\/strong> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a linh m\u1ee5c<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1eadu Trident \u2013 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u1edbi d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u2013 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t h\u1ed3ng y th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 22 tu\u1ed5i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"San](\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Orazio_Borgianni_-_St_Carlo_Borromeo_-_WGA2468-823x1024.webp\")
S\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m linh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/san-carlo-borromeo-regreso-a-milan.webp\")
Th\u00e1nh Carlos Borromeo: T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Milan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Tanzio_Carlo_Borromeo_Domodossola.webp\")