{"id":223856,"date":"2025-09-02T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.fundacioncarf.org\/?p=223856"},"modified":"2025-09-25T12:34:53","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T10:34:53","slug":"san-gregorio-magno-papa-santo-historia-legado","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/san-gregorio-magno-papa-santo-historia-legado\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3: m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00e1nh ca Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o; tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103m t\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan, khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3<\/a><\/strong> (540\u2013604), Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 590 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 604, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Cha v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i La M\u00e3. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng phai m\u1edd trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, trong s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 cai tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tu s\u0129\u201d<\/strong>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u0103ng cai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Roma<\/a> Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef v\u1eefng tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 trau d\u1ed3i trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng cho c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1edfi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1edfi m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean blog n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u00f4n vinh ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Roma,<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: M\u1ed9t Rome hoang t\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 sinh ra t\u1ea1i Roma v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 540, trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i xa so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 huy ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u01b0a kia: sau khi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 (n\u0103m 476), Roma \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i suy t\u00e0n, b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi chi\u1ebfn tranh, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111ang b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lombard, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00dd v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Rome. Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edbt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Gregorio: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 mong mu\u1ed1n, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch d\u1eabn d\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Claustro
M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111i d\u1ecdc theo h\u00e0nh lang b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f2m cung m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n trong.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c quan t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh Rome \u0111\u1ebfn tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng Benedict<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gregorio \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tinh t\u1ebf, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt, V\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 mang t\u00ednh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cao. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 572, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh Rome<\/strong>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi cha qua \u0111\u1eddi, Gregorio \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. \u00d4ng b\u00e1n \u0111i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i Celio th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tu vi\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng Benedict. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng lui v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tu s\u0129, d\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh tu h\u00e0nh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sau n\u00e0y v\u00ec s\u1ef1 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng chi\u00eam ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y, Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00abng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i t\u1edb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i t\u1edb Ch\u00faa\u00bb \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n \u2013 danh hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Arte
M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng t\u1eeb tay c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ed3ng y, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc ng\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 590, sau khi Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pelagius II qua \u0111\u1eddi, Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4<\/a>. S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng: Gregorio \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n xin ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1eebng ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch to l\u1edbn n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t hoan ngh\u00eanh ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u0111ang ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Rome. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c r\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9, trong \u0111\u00f3, khi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Hadrian, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5ng l\u00e3nh thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh Micae \u0111ang c\u1ea5t g\u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0o v\u1ecf, l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh s\u1eafp ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Sant\u2019Angelo<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c t\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i trong 14 n\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u00e0i qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 604. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh ca Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 R\u00f4ma. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c h\u00e1t trong ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra th\u00e1nh ca Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. Th\u00e1nh ca Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Gregorio nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng Tin M\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb Rome \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4 th\u00e0nh Canterbury<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ea1o Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Anglo-Saxon \u1edf Anh. Nh\u1edd s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Anh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o cho to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y, Gregorio \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd<\/a> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Kit\u00f4 h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. T\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho Gregorio th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i La M\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: trong khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd t\u00e2m linh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi Trung C\u1ed5. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc M\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/a>: <\/strong>m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c Charlemagne \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t n\u00f3 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c trong \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i: <\/strong>trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh B\u00ea-n\u00ea-\u0111ict\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Nursia, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch \u00ca-x\u00ea-chi-\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Ph\u00fac \u00c2m: <\/strong>v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, mang t\u00ednh m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00ednh suy lu\u1eadn, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Gregorio kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd \u0111ang ch\u00ecm trong hoang t\u00e0n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lombard, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh gi\u00fap c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh Rome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u01a1n 800 l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 604, v\u00ec ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c do b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng cung th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, n\u01a1i ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n vinh ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Danh ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1295, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Bonifacius VIII \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean phong ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t danh hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh L\u00ea-\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"gregorio
Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3, b\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ee7a Antonello da Messina<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 C\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n 1.400 n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ng\u00e0i qua \u0111\u1eddi, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n