{"id":182954,"date":"2023-09-14T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-14T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.fundacioncarf.org\/hasta-lo-ultimo-de-la-tierra-cristianos-y-martires-en-japon\/"},"modified":"2025-06-04T18:18:57","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T16:18:57","slug":"hasta-lo-ultimo-de-la-tierra-cristianos-y-martires-en-japon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/hasta-lo-ultimo-de-la-tierra-cristianos-y-martires-en-japon\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section et_pb_section_85 et_section_regular\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_285\">\n<h2 class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_5 et_pb_column_842  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et-last-child et_pb_column_empty\"><span style=\"color: revert; font-size: revert; font-weight: revert;\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_286\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_844  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_320  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p>C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho Ta t\u1ea1i Gi\u00ea-ru-sa-lem, kh\u1eafp x\u1ee9 Giu-\u0111\u00ea, Sa-ma-ri v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t (C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 1:8).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linh h\u1ed3n y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, d\u00f9 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf n\u00f3; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf h\u1ecd. Linh h\u1ed3n b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh linh h\u1ed3n gi\u1eef cho th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m trong th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0 trong ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Linh h\u1ed3n b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n x\u00e1c h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eef kh\u00e1ch trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u1edf h\u01b0 n\u00e1t, trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1i tr\u00ean thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u00e3m m\u00ecnh trong \u0103n u\u1ed1ng; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u00e3m m\u00ecnh, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 giao cho h\u1ecd quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p b\u1ecf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.\n<p>(Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Diognetus)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb &quot;t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o&quot;, m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c2, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &quot;nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Trong Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Diognetus, m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn v\u0103n bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn g\u1eedi cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Diognetus v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u00f3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201cv\u1ecb tr\u00ed\u201d, taxis, ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng theo ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1m hoa k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nghe v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, n\u1ebfm tr\u1ea3i, <strong>H\u1ecd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su.<\/strong> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft h\u1ecd, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su, \u0110\u1ea5ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3, hay \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d, m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ngh\u0129, nh\u01b0ng <a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/cristianos-perseguidos-anticristianismo-martires\/\">s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o<\/a>, V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thanh t\u1ea9y n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Cha, nh\u01b0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u201cth\u00e1nh\u201d (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong th\u00e1nh) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o theo ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ee9c tin: h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Justus Takayama Ukon (1552-1615), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4 phong ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2017 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Thomas More c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh, Takayama l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng. Sau khi b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y v\u00ec t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. K\u1ebb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Toyotomi Hideyoshi t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn Ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc Takayama Ukon, m\u1ed9t daimyo (l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa phong ki\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u00e0 th\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_287\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_847  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_30\">\n<p><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27572\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/martires-japoneses-decapitados-1.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/martires-japoneses-decapitados-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/martires-japoneses-decapitados-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/martires-japoneses-decapitados-1.jpg 480w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_321 leyenda  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p>T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ecb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_288\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_850  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_322  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<h2>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef hay phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ri\u00eang, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 suy \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o l\u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 man r\u1ee3, nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, tu\u00e2n theo phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 trang ph\u1ee5c l\u1eabn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0, theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1; m\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ed7i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0 sinh con, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf r\u01a1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con m\u00ecnh sinh ra. H\u1ecd c\u00f9ng \u0103n c\u01a1m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng ng\u1ee7.\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Diognetus)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Diognetus, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang ta trong su\u1ed1t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1549, khi Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Xavi\u00ea, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp D\u00f2ng T\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Ignatius Loyola, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Kyushu, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c nam trong b\u1ed1n h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn ngay sau \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n nam Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n m\u00e0u t\u1ed1i (kuro hune, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &quot;thuy\u1ec1n \u0111en&quot; trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n tre \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nan banji (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi man r\u1ee3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam), v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00fd do \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tu\u00e2n theo phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ed1n t\u1eadp trung m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc hi\u1ec7p s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00f5 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o (t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111a th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eadt linh nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u2013 th\u1ea7n linh, linh h\u1ed3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u00e2m linh nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd), r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia giai c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. V\u00f5 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7p s\u0129 cao qu\u00fd, ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng theo l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa (daimyo) v\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn danh d\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c hy sinh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua seppuku hay harakiri, nghi th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-27569\" title=\"nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o \" src=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cristianos-en-japon-1.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cristianos-en-japon-1.jpg 736w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cristianos-en-japon-1-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cristianos-en-japon-1.jpg 480w\" alt=\"m\u00e1rtires \" width=\"736\" height=\"502\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean h\u01a1n 300.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/strong>. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ven bi\u1ec3n Nagasaki l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1579, linh m\u1ee5c d\u00f2ng T\u00ean Alessandro Valignano (1539-1606) \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f2ng T\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Valignano l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Xavi\u00ea, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c tu sinh, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd kh\u00e1c, Matteo Ricci, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ecb tu s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng <strong>S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o.<\/strong>. \u01afu ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u00fac \u00c2m th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha hay \u00dd. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Valignano l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n c\u1ea9m nang c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o D\u00f2ng T\u00ean tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 khi truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u00fac \u00c2m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, do nghi l\u1ec5 tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i tu vi\u1ec7n D\u00f2ng T\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y. Nh\u1edd ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a <strong>h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/strong> Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Valignano, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o sang C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c ph\u1ee7 Tokugawa (m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a, v\u00ec shogun th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng), ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng T\u00ean. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf Nagasaki, lo s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, do s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, s\u1ebd \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. V\u00e0, n\u1ebfu suy ngh\u0129 k\u1ef9, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng coi tr\u1ecdng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (v\u00f5 s\u0129 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tameshigiri, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eed ki\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng n\u00e0o). M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hy sinh v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 &quot;d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c&quot;, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111e d\u1ecda nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi sinh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1587, Hideyoshi \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt. <strong>M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/strong>. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1597, 26 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 Miki (6 tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 3 tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng T\u00ean, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 17 tu s\u0129 d\u00f2ng Phanxic\u00f4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt), \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0 thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nagasaki.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1613.<\/p>\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, gi\u1edbi tinh hoa c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tra t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o: <strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh tr\u00ean th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1<\/strong>; H\u1ecd b\u1ecb thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng; h\u1ecd b\u1ecb lu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng; h\u1ecd b\u1ecb c\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i; h\u1ecd b\u1ecb treo ng\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y ph\u00e2n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft c\u1eaft \u1edf th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft nhanh ch\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tsurushi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tra t\u1ea5n v\u1eabn t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee9c tin, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eabm l\u00ean fumie (c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 Maria).<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1614, t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Tokugawa Yeyasu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, <strong>\u00d4ng ta c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea1o C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c<\/strong> V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 5 c\u00f9ng n\u0103m, cu\u1ed9c r\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 Nagasaki, \u0111i qua b\u1ea3y trong s\u1ed1 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y sau \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, <strong>C\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ed m\u1eadt.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a kakure kirishitan (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u1ea9n d\u1eadt) \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Shogun ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u00e0 kh\u1eafc. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5 ra \u1edf Shimabara, g\u1ea7n Nagasaki, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1637 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1638, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi samurai C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o Amakusa Shiro. Cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p d\u00e3 man b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed do ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh cung c\u1ea5p, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103m gh\u00e9t Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 c\u0103m gh\u00e9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i chung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00ec l\u00fd do kinh t\u1ebf (h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t quy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh). T\u1ea1i Shimabara v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh, kho\u1ea3ng 40.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t kinh ho\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 hy sinh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, nh\u1edd l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 1641, Shogun Tokugawa Yemitsu ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c, sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sakoku (qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p), c\u1ea5m m\u1ecdi li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Trong hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i, \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n H\u00e0 Lan v\u1eabn l\u00e0 qua h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf Deshima, g\u1ea7n Nagasaki, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u1eddi \u0111i. C\u1ea3ng Nagasaki, khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o trong v\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh n\u0103m 1865, m\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00ecn t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o \u1ea9n d\u1eadt (kakure kirishitan) m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng n\u01a1i h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ed m\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 linh m\u1ee5c hay Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc Bernard Petitjean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o N\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i Paris, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cha tuy\u00ean \u00fay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd 26 Th\u00e1nh T\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o Nagasaki (Oura). H\u1ecd xin ph\u00e9p v\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &quot;Cha&quot; (m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 Di, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 <strong>N\u0103m 1873, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1888, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.<\/strong>. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1891, Gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Nagasaki \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1927, gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u0110\u1ee9c \u00f4ng Hayasaka v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Pius XI t\u1ea5n phong.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_289\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_853  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_32\">\n<p><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27573\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Servicio-conmemorativo-Catedral-Catolica-Romana-de-Urakami-1.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 933px) 100vw, 933px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Servicio-conmemorativo-Catedral-Catolica-Romana-de-Urakami-1.jpg 933w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Servicio-conmemorativo-Catedral-Catolica-Romana-de-Urakami-1-300x143.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Servicio-conmemorativo-Catedral-Catolica-Romana-de-Urakami-1-768x366.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Servicio-conmemorativo-Catedral-Catolica-Romana-de-Urakami-1.jpg 480w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_323 leyenda  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p>Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec5m Nguy\u00ean T\u1ed9i \u1edf Nagasaki v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1946.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_290\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_856  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_324  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<h2>Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gian c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, linh h\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Linh h\u1ed3n ng\u1ef1 trong th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gian, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gian. Linh h\u1ed3n v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m trong th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu s\u1ed1ng h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh trong th\u1ebf gian, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i linh h\u1ed3n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb linh h\u1ed3n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec linh h\u1ed3n ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n n\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, th\u1ebf gian th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb linh h\u1ed3n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian. (Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Diognetus)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00e0o l\u00fac 11 gi\u1edd 2 ph\u00fat s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1945, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kinh ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi Nagasaki, ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 \u0110\u1ed3ng Trinh Maria. <a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/blog\/asuncion-de-la-virgen-maria\/\">L\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eb9 H\u1ed3n X\u00e1c L\u00ean Tr\u1eddi<\/a>. T\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Urakami, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo khu ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i n\u00f3 t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hai l\u1ea7n ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5: b\u1edfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong su\u1ed1t b\u1ed1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Takashi Pablo Nagai, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 &quot;m\u1ed9t con chi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00ec v\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi&quot;.<\/p>\n<h3>Hai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp n\u00e0y:<\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra sau khi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c (uranium-235) v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch n\u1ed5 \u1edf Hiroshima v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Hiroshima l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, trong khi Nagasaki \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom kh\u00e1c, l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 plutonium-239, s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, qu\u1ea3 bom m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng Nagasaki, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Kokura. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u1edf Kokura nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ea3 bom tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111ang chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u1edf Nagasaki, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady phi c\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh bay \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1\u2014m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng ngay sau khi qu\u1ea3 bom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra: gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 bom m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch qu\u1eadn Urakami v\u00e0i tr\u0103m m\u00e9t., <strong>N\u01a1i t\u1eebng t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u1eadt k\u00edn t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_section et_pb_section_88 et_section_regular\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_292\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_861  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_326  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu b\u1ecb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay<\/h2>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f4i khi ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd c\u1ea7u xin Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u1ecfi tay k\u1ebb th\u00f9, c\u1ee9u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tha th\u1ee9 cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su Ki-t\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady sao?<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i: C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u xa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c? C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Con Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh y\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i Ng\u00e0i? Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Ch\u00faa lu\u00f4n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n<p>Takashi Pablo Nagai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng coi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u00e1c, m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 <strong>\u00d4ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Ch\u00faa v\u00ec s\u1ef1 hy sinh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tay qu\u1ea3 bom.<\/strong>, Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 y\u00eau d\u1ea5u Midori c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y g\u00ec gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111en v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i tr\u00e0ng h\u1ea1t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 c\u0169ng v\u1eady., <strong>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trong tay Ch\u00faa.<\/strong>, V\u00e0 theo Nagai, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Nagasaki th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Cha \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &quot;t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o&quot;, c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/expertos\/chiara-lubich-y-el-jesus-de-la-cuarta-palabra\/\">ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4<\/a>N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1t l\u00faa m\u00ec kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 tr\u01a1 tr\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh; nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ch\u1ebft \u0111i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd sinh nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3. Ai y\u00eau m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t n\u00f3, v\u00e0 <strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng.<\/strong> (Tin M\u1eebng theo Th\u00e1nh Gioan 12:22-24)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_293\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_864  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_33\">\n<p><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27577\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Pablo-Miki-martir-cristiano-japones-1.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Pablo-Miki-martir-cristiano-japones-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Pablo-Miki-martir-cristiano-japones-1-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Pablo-Miki-martir-cristiano-japones-1.jpg 480w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_327 leyenda  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p>Paul Miki l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u00f4n k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 2. \u00d4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1597 t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nagasaki c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_294\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_867  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_image et_pb_image_34\">\n<p><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27576\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ruinas-Catedral-de-la-Inmaculada-Concepcion-en-Nagasaki-el-7-de-enero-de-1946-1.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ruinas-Catedral-de-la-Inmaculada-Concepcion-en-Nagasaki-el-7-de-enero-de-1946-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ruinas-Catedral-de-la-Inmaculada-Concepcion-en-Nagasaki-el-7-de-enero-de-1946-1-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Ruinas-Catedral-de-la-Inmaculada-Concepcion-en-Nagasaki-el-7-de-enero-de-1946-1.jpg 480w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_328 leyenda  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p>L\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o La M\u00e3 \u1edf Urakami.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_295\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column_870  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_text et_pb_text_329  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Takashi Nagai, Chu\u00f4ng Nagasaki, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Oberon, 1956;<\/p>\n<p>Inazo Nitobe, Bushido: linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Kodansha International, 2002;<\/p>\n<p>Adriana Boscaro, Ventura e Sventura dei gesuiti \u1edf Giappone, Libreria Editrice Cafoscarina, 2008;<\/p>\n<p>Shusaku Endo: Im l\u1eb7ng; Edhasa, 2017;<\/p>\n<p>Hisayasu Nakagawa: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Melusina, 2006;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gerardo Ferrara<\/strong><br>T\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p C\u1eed nh\u00e2n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh Trung \u0110\u00f4ng.<br>C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch sinh vi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 \u1edf Rome.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m n\u00e0y k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Xavi\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf Nagasaki, ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Takashi Nagai.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":183482,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-182954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182954"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182954\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/183482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fundacioncarf.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}